> One would expect the kinks to have been worked out by now.

One would!

As I mentioned on a previous thread, I have already retrofitted roughly 150 signals with LEDs, But had to do much laboratory work on my own to prove the specific model we used safe, first; as the vendors we had to use at the time refused to certify against the specific failure modes I've mentioned here (despite their advertisements). Of course, to be precise - it wasn't Safetran - as they didn't supply the LEDs of the odd voltage we had to use for these retrofits.

But now with the C.F.R. requiring that they (the vendor) do all the safety proving, it puts their customers (railroads and transit) in the catbird seat. All the vendors will cave now. But at the time I didn't have that advantage.



>> Note that the railroad industry has always been held to a much higher standard than the highway departments.
> Thank goodness for that.

Agreed !

As you might notice, the very tough standards are in fact a point of much pride in the railroad signal industry. And most of the rest of railroading too, I might add.

OPB