One proposal being knocked around is giant vacuum tubes, the technology being similar to the vacuum tubes used at drive in banks but on a larger scale, to transport containers from the ports underground out to the middle of the Nevada desert, thus bypassing California completely. There they will be transloaded onto trains for distribution to the rest of the country. Construction will be hundreds of feet below ground using TBMs. Benefits include no carbon emissions, no clearing of right of ways, etc., thus keeping the nimbys and environmentalists happy. Disadvantages will be protecting the habitat of those endangered blind four eyed twenty foot long burrowing caterpillars found mostly under Humboltd County or any where else there is a faint burning odor in the air. One problem scientists and engineers have yet overcome is that giant sucking sound.