Re: Amazing how a sea level rise of 6 inches since the line was built is supposedly to blame
1) Yes, it reads very much like some of the other stories from more traditional (for US readers) media.
2) Yes, the Del Mar money is just for preliminary studies. 3-4B has long been quoted (has inflation hit yet?) for the actual tunnel.
3) San Clemente would be a longer tunnel and a more substantial relocation. Much of the preliminary work has been done, but not the serious environmental and design studies. Even so, around $10B would not be out of line, and possibly low.
4) As for keeping it on the coast, with concrete, you're possibly thinking about something like the
Dawlish portion of the Great Western line in England? I really don't see that getting past the Coastal Commission, and it really does have to get past the Commission (which can even, potentially, overrule STB and FRA in some matters). Then, do you really want the railroad to have to build a wall that prevents the ongoing landslide from taking out the houses above, it it even can?