EVs are charged road taxes at registration time in a majority of states. It's usually a flat fee rather than a mileage charge, because that's convenient for the tax collectors. It's often punitive, in states where they want to discourage use of those commie EVs, balancing out with gas taxes for a typical ICE vehicle only if the EV is drive well over 10K miles a year (sometimes near 20K).

I agree that something weight-based and usage-based would be more appropriate, for all vehicles. Even in California, gas taxes aren't correlated well with road wear, and don't come near covering even the cost of road maintenance let alone new construction. Once upon a time in California (a long, long time ago, in the mid-20th Century), pickup trucks had to have commercial plates, which included a weight fee; and they didn't weigh nearly as much back then. But you're right, switching to a weight fee now, except of course for EVs (/s), would trigger a shooting war. EVs are fair game for discrimination in most states. Funny, I have a EV that weighs less (at about 3500 lb.) than the typical vehicle sold these days, gets 200-250 miles/full charge, holds 4 adults or 2+a fair load, is small enough to park easily in SF on the rare occasions I drive there, and is decently peppy (0-60 under 7 sec.) though it's no Tesla. Unfortunately, it's no longer made - EVs are all bigger and heavier now, like everything else.

Does Tesla ship by rail yet? They cut off all rail connections to the Fremont plant (despite having UP right over the fence) and deliberately installed none in TX. So they'd have to truck the cars to a suitable ramp. But it would seem to make no sense to truck them across country in any decent numbers.